Impact by country
Denmark
- €2.6bn
- 10-year exposure, Medium scenario
- €1.9bn
- One-off migration cost, Medium
- €57m/yr
- Recurring price effect, Medium
Cost per person in the working-age labour force
Per economically active person (age 20–64), 10-year horizon
| Measure | Narrow | Medium | Broad |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-year total economic exposure | €356 | €905 | €1,534 |
| Effect on the real GDP level | -€21 | -€83 | -€189 |
Annual recurring cloud-service price effects
€ million, 2025 expenditure base
Sector
| Scenario | Per year | 5 years | 10 years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Narrow | €20m | €100m | €201m |
| Medium | €25m | €123m | €245m |
| Broad | €27m | €134m | €268m |
| Scenario | Per year | 5 years | 10 years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Narrow | €11m | €53m | €107m |
| Medium | €33m | €163m | €325m |
| Broad | €71m | €356m | €711m |
| Scenario | Per year | 5 years | 10 years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Narrow | €31m | €154m | €307m |
| Medium | €57m | €285m | €571m |
| Broad | €98m | €490m | €980m |
Migration and systems-redesign costs
Present value of one-off transition costs, € billion
Sector
Ordinary public support
€ million, public sector
Transition scarcity costs
Present value, € million, public and private sectors combined
Downstream ICT-vendor exposure
Domestic vendors affected, and annual value added at risk
- 2
- Narrow – vendor equivalents affected
- 6
- Medium – vendor equivalents affected
- 14
- Broad – vendor equivalents affected
- €29m
- Narrow – annual value added at risk
- €116m
- Medium – annual value added at risk
- €264m
- Broad – annual value added at risk
Combined delayed cloud and AI benefits
€ billion, forgone productivity gains