Impact by country
Spain
- €12bn
- 10-year exposure, Medium scenario
- €8.5bn
- One-off migration cost, Medium
- €293m/yr
- Recurring price effect, Medium
Cost per person in the working-age labour force
Per economically active person (age 20–64), 10-year horizon
| Measure | Narrow | Medium | Broad |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-year total economic exposure | €149 | €500 | €1,025 |
| Effect on the real GDP level | -€4 | -€17 | -€38 |
Annual recurring cloud-service price effects
€ million, 2025 expenditure base
Sector
| Scenario | Per year | 5 years | 10 years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Narrow | €36m | €181m | €363m |
| Medium | €51m | €253m | €506m |
| Broad | €58m | €289m | €579m |
| Scenario | Per year | 5 years | 10 years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Narrow | €76m | €380m | €760m |
| Medium | €242m | €1.2bn | €2.4bn |
| Broad | €540m | €2.7bn | €5.4bn |
| Scenario | Per year | 5 years | 10 years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Narrow | €112m | €561m | €1.1bn |
| Medium | €293m | €1.5bn | €2.9bn |
| Broad | €598m | €3bn | €6bn |
Migration and systems-redesign costs
Present value of one-off transition costs, € billion
Sector
Ordinary public support
€ million, public sector
Transition scarcity costs
Present value, € million, public and private sectors combined
Downstream ICT-vendor exposure
Domestic vendors affected, and annual value added at risk
- 4
- Narrow – vendor equivalents affected
- 17
- Medium – vendor equivalents affected
- 39
- Broad – vendor equivalents affected
- €83m
- Narrow – annual value added at risk
- €329m
- Medium – annual value added at risk
- €749m
- Broad – annual value added at risk
Combined delayed cloud and AI benefits
€ billion, forgone productivity gains